These unicellular organisms are found not only in aquatic systems but also in terrestrial systems, with a wide range of catalogued species 8, 9. Microalgae represent a sustainable 3, 4 and versatile 5, 6 resource with exploitation potential for different industries (for example food, feed, nutraceutical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical) 7. Reducing the impact of climate change is one of the main challenges of this decade, which has increased the demand to move to more environmental and sustainable resources 1, 2.
In conclusion, the lipid extracts of Chlorococcum amblystomatis have been found to be a source of lipids rich in omega-3 PUFAs for of great value for the food, feed, cosmetic, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. Lipid extracts also had low values of atherogenic (0.54) and thrombogenic index (0.27). The lipid extract has shown antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory potential. Of these, 157 lipid species and the main lipid species of each class were esterified with omega-3 PUFAs. The lipidome identified included 245 molecular ions and 350 lipid species comprising 15 different classes of glycolipids (6), phospholipids (7) and betaine lipids (2). The Chlorococcum amblystomatis strain had a lipid content of 20.77% and the fatty acid profile, determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, has shown that this microalga contains high amounts of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In this work, we identified for the first time the Chlorococcum amblystomatis lipidome using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-high resolution electrospray ionization- tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC–HR–ESI–MS/MS). Moreover, the polar lipidome of microalgae is interesting because of the reports of bioactive polar lipids which could foster new applications for microalgae. There is a growing trend to explore microalgae as an alternative resource for the food, feed, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and fuel industry.
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